Adaptación del instrumento WAST para la detección de violencia doméstica en Centros de Salud

Abstract

Background: The Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) is a screening tool for domestic violence used in Unites States. Aim: To carry out the cultural adaptation of the WAST instrument for early detection of domestic violence in primary health care. Material and Methods: Qualitative techniques for cultural adaptation were used in stages 1 and 2 and quantitative techniques were used in stage 3. The validity of content was assessed using judge tests carried out with experts in the field. Linguistic adaptation was carried out using a focal group technique to ensure semantic and language comprehension. Finally, the culturally adapted instrument was applied to 16 women who were victims of violence and to 28 women without a history of violence. Results: For cultural adaptation, the judges’ test added the item of economic violence to the instrument. According to the focus groups, some words were changed to facilitate understanding by the subjects. According to the scores obtained in women with and without a history of violence, a cut-off point of 15 points was defined to determine a history of do-mestic violence with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96%. The Cronbach Alpha of the questionnaire was 91%. Conclusions: WAST is an effective and easily applied instrument for the early detection of domestic violence....La finalidad de este estudio fue realizar la adaptación cultural y validación en población chilena del instrumento WAST (Woman Abuse Screening Tool), originario de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y validado al español, el cual fue elegido por ser uno de los mejor evaluados por la guía inglesa para la detección de VD, recomendando su uso en contextos no específicos de maltrato, como APS. Es corto, de fácil comprensión y ha demostrado tener buena consistencia interna en otros estudios que lo han utilizado, validado para población de habla hispana y de autoaplicación, modalidad que prefieren las usuarias. [CVRL Note: the abstract is in English; full text of the article is in Spanish.] (Author Text)